I-IPv4 ne-IPv6 yizinguqulo ezimbili ze-Internet Protocol (IP), futhi kukhona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwazo. Nansi eminye yomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo:
1. Ubude bekheli:IPv4isebenzisa ubude bekheli obungamabhithi angu-32, okusho ukuthi inganikeza amakheli ahlukene angaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4.3. Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-IPv6 isebenzisa ubude bekheli obuyi-128-bit futhi inganikeza cishe amakheli angu-3.4 x 10^38, inombolo edlula kude isikhala sekheli se-IPv4.
2. Indlela yokumela ikheli:Amakheli e-IPv4 avamise ukuvezwa ngefomethi yedesimali enamachashazi, njengokuthi 192.168.0.1. Ngokuphambene, amakheli e-IPv6 asebenzisa ikholoni ye-hexadecimal notation, njengokuthi 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334.
3. Umzila nomklamo wenethiwekhi:KusukelaIPv6inesikhala esikhulu samakheli, ukuhlanganisa umzila kungenziwa kalula, okusiza ukunciphisa usayizi wamatafula omzila nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komzila.
4. Ukuphepha:I-IPv6 ihlanganisa ukwesekwa kokuvikela okwakhelwe ngaphakathi, okuhlanganisa i-IPSec (IP Security), ehlinzeka ngamakhono okubethela nawokuqinisekisa.
5. Ukumisa okuzenzakalelayo:I-IPv6 isekela ukumisa okuzenzakalelayo, okusho ukuthi isixhumi esibonakalayo senethiwekhi singathola ngokuzenzakalelayo ikheli nolunye ulwazi lokucushwa ngaphandle kokucushwa mathupha.
6. Izinhlobo zesevisi:I-IPv6 ikwenza kube lula ukusekela izinhlobo ezithile zesevisi, ezifana ne-multimedia nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesikhathi sangempela.
7. Ukuhamba:I-IPv6 yakhelwe ukusekelwa kwamadivayisi eselula engqondweni, okwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa i-IPv6 kumanethiwekhi eselula.
8. Ifomethi kanhlokweni:Amafomethi kanhlokweni we-IPv4 ne-IPv6 nawo ahlukile. Isihloko se-IPv4 singamabhayithi angashintshi angu-20, kuyilapho unhlokweni we-IPv6 uyahlukahluka ngosayizi.
9. Ikhwalithi Yesevisi (QoS):Isihloko se-IPv6 siqukethe inkambu evumela ukumaka okubalulekile nokuhlukaniswa kwethrafikhi, okwenza i-QoS ibe lula ukuyisebenzisa.
10. Ukusakaza okuningi nokusakaza:Uma iqhathaniswa ne-IPv4, i-IPv6 isekela kangcono imisebenzi yokusakaza nokusakaza okuningi.
I-IPv6 inezinzuzo eziningi kune-IPv4, ikakhulukazi mayelana nesikhala samakheli, ukuphepha, ukuhamba kanye nezinhlobo zesevisi. Eminyakeni ezayo, kungenzeka sibone amadivayisi amaningi namanethiwekhi ethuthela ku-IPv6, ikakhulukazi eqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe be-IoT ne-5G.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-04-2024
