I-ONUincazelo
I-ONU (Optical Network Unit) ibizwa ngeyunithi yenethiwekhi yokubona futhi ingenye yezisetshenziswa ezibalulekile kunethiwekhi yokufinyelela i-fiber optical (FTTH). Itholakala ekugcineni komsebenzisi futhi inomthwalo wemfanelo wokuguqula amasignali okubonayo abe amasignali kagesi kanye nokucubungula amasignali kagesi abe amafomethi okudlulisa idatha ukuze kuzuzwe ukufinyelela kwedatha ngesivinini esiphezulu kubasebenzisi.
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1.ONU imisebenzi yedivayisi
II-ONUidivayisi inemisebenzi elandelayo:
Umsebenzi womzimba: Idivayisi ye-ONU inomsebenzi wokuguqula optical/electrical, ongaguqula isignali ye-optical eyamukelwe ibe isignali kagesi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo iguqule isignali kagesi ibe isignali ye-optical ukuze idluliselwe.
Umsebenzi onengqondo: TheI-ONUidivayisi inomsebenzi wokuhlanganisa, ongahlanganisa ukusakazwa kwedatha enesivinini esiphansi yabasebenzisi abaningi ibe ukusakaza kwedatha enesivinini esikhulu. Iphinde ibe nomsebenzi wokuguqula iphrothokholi, engaguqula ukusakazwa kwedatha kube ifomethi yephrothokholi efanelekile ukuze idluliselwe.
Iphrothokholi ye-2.ONU
I-ONUImishini isekela izivumelwano eziningi, okuhlanganisa i-Ethernet protocol, i-IP protocol, iphrothokholi yesingqimba somzimba, njll., kanje:
Iphrothokholi ye-Ethernet: Imishini ye-ONU isekela iphrothokholi ye-Ethernet futhi ingabona ukuqoqwa kwedatha, ukudluliswa kanye nokukhishwa kwe-decapsulation.
Iphrothokholi ye-IP: Imishini ye-ONU isekela iphrothokholi ye-IP futhi ingabona ukuqoqwa kwedatha, ukudluliswa kanye nokuqaqa.
Iphrothokholi yesendlalelo esibonakalayo: Imishini ye-ONU isekela izinqubo ezahlukahlukene zesendlalelo somzimba, njengeEPON, GPON, njll., ekwazi ukubona ukudluliswa nokushintshashintsha kanye nokwehliswa kwezimpawu zokukhanya.
3.ONU inqubo yokubhalisa
Inqubo yokubhaliswa kwempahla ye-ONU ihlanganisa ukubhaliswa kokuqala, ukubhaliswa ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuphatha okuhlukile, njll., kanje:
Ukubhalisa kwasekuqaleni: Uma idivayisi ye-ONU ivuliwe futhi iqalisiwe, izoqaliswa futhi ibhaliswe ngokusebenzisaOLT(Optical Line Terminal) ukuze uqedele ukuzihlola kanye nokucushwa kwepharamitha yedivayisi.
Ukubhaliswa ngezikhathi ezithile: Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile, idivayisi ye-ONU izothumela izicelo zokubhalisa ngezikhathi ezithile kudivayisi ye-OLT ukuze igcine uxhumano lokuxhumana nedivayisi ye-OLT.
Ukuphatha okuhlukile: Uma idivayisi ye-ONU ithola isimo esingavamile, njengokuhluleka kwenethiwekhi, ukwehluleka kwesixhumanisi, njll., izothumela ulwazi lwe-alamu ku-OLTidivayisi ukusiza ukuxazulula izinkinga ngesikhathi.
4.ONU indlela yokudlulisa idatha
Izindlela zokudlulisa idatha zemishini ye-ONU zifaka phakathi ukudluliswa kwezimpawu ze-analog nedijithali kanye nokuguquguquka kwesignali kanye nokwehliswa kwenani, kanje:
Ukudluliswa kwesignali ye-analogi: Idivayisi ye-ONU idlulisela umsindo womsebenzisi, ividiyo nenye idatha ye-analog kudivayisi yokugcina umsebenzisi ngokudlulisela isignali ye-analog.
Ukudluliswa kwesignali yedijithali: Imishini ye-ONU idlulisela idatha yedijithali yomsebenzisi kudivayisi yeklayenti ngokudluliswa kwesignali yedijithali. Amasignali edijithali adinga ukufakwa ikhodi ngaphambi kokudluliselwa. Izindlela zokufaka ikhodi ezijwayelekile zifaka ikhodi ye-ASCII, ikhodi kanambambili, njll.
Ukushintshashintsha kwesiginali nokwehliswa kwenani: Phakathi nenqubo yokudlulisela amasignali edijithali, okokusebenza kwe-ONU kudinga ukushintsha amasignali edijithali futhi kuguqule amasiginali edijithali abe amafomethi esignali afanele ukudluliselwa esiteshini, njengamafreyimu edatha e-Ethernet. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, idivayisi ye-ONU nayo idinga ukudiliza isignali eyamukelwe futhi iguqule isignali ibuyele kufomethi yesignali yedijithali yangempela.
5.Ukusebenzelana phakathi kwe-ONU ne-OLT
Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwemishini ye-ONU nemishini ye-OLT kufaka phakathi ukudluliswa kwedatha kanye nokucubungula inombolo yokulawula, kanje:
Ukudluliswa kwedatha: Ukudluliswa kwedatha kwenziwa phakathi kwemishini ye-ONU nemishini ye-OLT ngamakhebula okubona. Ekuqondeni komfula, idivayisi ye-ONU ithumela idatha yomsebenzisi kudivayisi ye-OLT; ohlangothini olungezansi lomfula, idivayisi ye-OLT ithumela idatha kudivayisi ye-ONU.
Ukucubungula inombolo yokulawula: Ukudluliswa kokuvumelanisa kwedatha kwenzeka phakathi kwedivayisi ye-ONU kanye nedivayisi ye-OLT ngokucubungula inombolo yokulawula. Ulwazi lwenombolo yokulawula luhlanganisa ulwazi lwewashi, imiyalelo yokulawula, njll. Ngemva kokuthola ulwazi lwenombolo yokulawula, idivayisi ye-ONU izokwenza imisebenzi ehambisanayo ngokwemiyalelo, njengokuthumela nokwamukela idatha, njll.
6.ONU ukugcinwa nokuphathwa
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini ye-ONU, ukugcinwa nokuphathwa kuyadingeka, ngale ndlela elandelayo:
Ukuxazulula inkinga: Uma idivayisi ye-ONU yehluleka, ukuxazulula inkinga kudinga ukwenziwa ngesikhathi. Amaphutha avamile ahlanganisa ukuhluleka kokunikezwa kwamandla, ukwehluleka kwendlela yokubona, ukuhluleka kwenethiwekhi, njll. Izisebenzi zokunakekela kufanele zihlole isimo sezisetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanele, zinqume uhlobo lwephutha futhi zilungise.
Ukulungiswa kwepharamitha: Ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kwedivayisi nokuzinza kwenethiwekhi, imingcele yedivayisi ye-ONU idinga ukulungiswa. Ukulungiswa kwepharamitha kuhlanganisa amandla okubona, amandla okudlulisa, ukuthola ukuzwela, njll. Izisebenzi zokunakekela kudingeka zenze izinguquko ngokuvumelana nesimo sangempela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini.
Ukuphathwa kokuphepha: Ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi, okokusebenza kwe-ONU kudinga ukulawulwa ngokuphephile. Izisebenzi zokunakekela zidinga ukusetha izimvume zokusebenza zedivayisi, amaphasiwedi okuphatha, njll., futhi ziguqule amagama ayimfihlo njalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingozi zokuphepha ezifana nokuhlaselwa kwama-hacker kanye nezifo zegciwane zidinga ukuqapha.
Ngokulungisa kahle kanye nokuphatha uhlelo lokuvikela lwenethiwekhi ye-ONU nemisebenzi yokubethela idatha, ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi yomsebenzisi kungathuthukiswa ngempumelelo futhi kuvinjwe nokuhlaselwa kwenethiwekhi. Ngenkathi uqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kwenethiwekhi, udinga futhi ukunaka ukuvuselela izinqubomgomo zokuphepha ukuze ubhekane nezinsongo zenethiwekhi eziya ziba nzima nezishintsha njalo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-21-2023
